Category: Treatment

The fight against cancer is a daunting one that is constantly evolving. There are continuing breakthroughs in the medical field as researchers strive to gain a better understanding of cancer and its interaction with our bodies. Consequently, therapeutic approaches are expanding and becoming increasingly innovative, in order to provide better treatments and outcomes for cancer patients.

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Introduction to Immune System Boosting Therapies

Among these novel treatments are those which target the immune system. In immunotherapy, drugs are used to help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. Historically, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have targeted both cancerous and healthy cells, such that harm is done to the patient in the process of targeting the tumor. However, immunotherapy directly activates the immune system to recognize and eliminate the cancer cells. This means that healthy tissue is preserved while still fighting off the illness.

Types of Immunotherapies

Immunotherapy can be assigned into two categories: passive and active. Passive immunotherapy consists of the administration of antibodies to the patient in order to target cancer cells. One example of this is monoclonal antibodies, which are man-made proteins that recognize and attach themselves to cancerous cells and mark them. The marked cells are then targeted by the immune system and destroyed. This type of immunotherapy is less labor-intensive, simpler to administer, and is non-toxic to the patient. Active immunotherapy, on the other hand, requires the preparation of the patient’s own immune cells to recognize and target the cancer cells. There are three types of active immunotherapies: therapeutic cancer vaccines, T-cell transfer, and dendritic cell therapy. The goal of therapeutic cancer vaccines is to prevent new tumors from forming by stimulating the patient’s immune system to recognize and isolate cancer cells. As for T-cell transfer, cancer cells are extracted from the patient’s tumor, altered to direct the immune system to target them, and then injected back into the patient’s body. Lastly, dendritic cell therapy consists of extracting dendritic cells (immune cells) from the patient, exposing them to protein fragments of the cancer cell, and then injecting them back into the patient’s body to help the immune system locate and destroy the cancer cells.

Advantages of Immunotherapies

Unlike chemotherapy and radiation, immunotherapies are focused solely on the cancer cells and are less toxic to the patient. For patients whose cancers are unresponsive to conventional treatments, immunotherapies can offer them a more targeted approach in addressing their cancer. In addition, these treatments can cause fewer side-effects than chemotherapy, …